Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting — Postoperative Results of Early Versus On-demand Maternal Feeding After Cesarean Delivery
Citation(s)
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Kramer RL, Van Someren JK, Qualls CR, Curet LB Postoperative management of cesarean patients: the effect of immediate feeding on the incidence of ileus. Obstet Gynecol. 1996 Jul;88(1):29-32.
Mangesi L, Hofmeyr GJ Early compared with delayed oral fluids and food after caesarean section. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2002;(3):CD003516. Review.
Masood SN, Masood Y, Naim U, Masood MF A randomized comparative trial of early initiation of oral maternal feeding versus conventional oral feeding after cesarean delivery. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2014 Aug;126(2):115-9. doi: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2014.02.023. Epub 2014 Apr 29.
Wrench IJ, Allison A, Galimberti A, Radley S, Wilson MJ Introduction of enhanced recovery for elective caesarean section enabling next day discharge: a tertiary centre experience. Int J Obstet Anesth. 2015 May;24(2):124-30. doi: 10.1016/j.ijoa.2015.01.003. Epub 2015 Jan 14.
Postoperative Results of Early Versus On-demand Maternal Feeding After Cesarean Delivery
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
