Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive — Modulation of Steroid Immunosuppression by Alveolar Efferocytosis
Citation(s)
Adar SD, Huffnagle GB, Curtis JL The respiratory microbiome: an underappreciated player in the human response to inhaled pollutants? Ann Epidemiol. 2016 May;26(5):355-9. doi: 10.1016/j.annepidem.2016.03.010. Epub 2016 Apr 7. Review.
Curtis JL B Cells Caught in the Act: Class Switching to IgA in Lung Lymphoid Follicles in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2019 Mar 1;199(5):548-550. doi: 10.1164/rccm.201810-1907ED.
Freeman CM, Curtis JL It's Complicated: Lung Dendritic Cells in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020 Aug 15;202(4):479-481. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202004-0899ED.
Freeman CM, Curtis JL Lung Dendritic Cells: Shaping Immune Responses throughout Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Progression. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2017 Feb;56(2):152-159. doi: 10.1165/rcmb.2016-0272TR. Review.
Huang YJ, Erb-Downward JR, Dickson RP, Curtis JL, Huffnagle GB, Han MK Understanding the role of the microbiome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: principles, challenges, and future directions. Transl Res. 2017 Jan;179:71-83. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2016.06.007. Epub 2016 Jun 23. Review.
McCubbrey AL, Sonstein J, Ames TM, Freeman CM, Curtis JL Glucocorticoids relieve collectin-driven suppression of apoptotic cell uptake in murine alveolar macrophages through downregulation of SIRPa. J Immunol. 2012 Jul 1;189(1):112-9. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.1200984. Epub 2012 May 21.
Polverino F, Curtis JL The ABCs of Granulomatous Lung Diseases: Age-associated B Cells. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2020 Oct 1;202(7):922-924. doi: 10.1164/rccm.202006-2261ED.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.