Belle S, Collet P, Post S, Kaehler G Temporary cystogastrostomy with self-expanding metallic stents for pancreatic necrosis. Endoscopy. 2010 Jun;42(6):493-5. doi: 10.1055/s-0029-1244021. Epub 2010 Apr 29.
Berzosa M, Maheshwari S, Patel KK, Shaib YH Single-step endoscopic ultrasonography-guided drainage of peripancreatic fluid collections with a single self-expandable metal stent and standard linear echoendoscope. Endoscopy. 2012 May;44(5):543-7. doi: 10.1055/s-0031-1291710. Epub 2012 Mar 9.
Stevens T Update on the role of endoscopic ultrasound in chronic pancreatitis. Curr Gastroenterol Rep. 2011 Apr;13(2):117-22. doi: 10.1007/s11894-010-0167-3. Review.
Varadarajulu S, Bang JY, Phadnis MA, Christein JD, Wilcox CM Endoscopic transmural drainage of peripancreatic fluid collections: outcomes and predictors of treatment success in 211 consecutive patients. J Gastrointest Surg. 2011 Nov;15(11):2080-8. doi: 10.1007/s11605-011-1621-8. Epub 2011 Jul 23.
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Randomized Trial Comparing Fully Covered, Self-Expanding Metal Stent and Plastic Stents for Endoscopic Ultrasound-guided Drainage of Walled-off Necrosis
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
