Aging and Health and Impact on Driving — CIHR Team in Driving in Older Persons
Citation(s)
Caragata, G E., Tuokko, H., & Damini, A. (2009). Fit to Drive: A Pilot Study to Improve the Physical Fitness of Older Drivers. Activities, Adaptation & Aging, 33(4), 240-255.
Eby DW, Molnar LJ Driving fitness and cognitive impairment: issues for physicians. JAMA. 2010 Apr 28;303(16):1642-3. doi: 10.1001/jama.2010.495.
Man-Son-Hing M, Marshall SC, Molnar FJ, Wilson KG Systematic review of driving risk and the efficacy of compensatory strategies in persons with dementia. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2007 Jun;55(6):878-84. Review.
Marshall SC The role of reduced fitness to drive due to medical impairments in explaining crashes involving older drivers. Traffic Inj Prev. 2008 Aug;9(4):291-8. doi: 10.1080/15389580801895244. Review.
Tuokko HA, Rhodes RE, Dean R Health conditions, health symptoms and driving difficulties in older adults. Age Ageing. 2007 Jul;36(4):389-94. Epub 2007 Mar 24.
The CIHR Team in Driving in Older Persons (Candrive II) Research Program
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
