Osteoarthritis — Home Rehabilitation in Patients After Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty
Citation(s)
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Ibrahim MS, Khan MA, Nizam I, Haddad FS Peri-operative interventions producing better functional outcomes and enhanced recovery following total hip and knee arthroplasty: an evidence-based review. BMC Med. 2013 Feb 13;11:37. doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-11-37. Review.
Kauppila AM, Sintonen H, Aronen P, Ohtonen P, Kyllönen E, Arokoski JP Economic evaluation of multidisciplinary rehabilitation after primary total knee arthroplasty based on a randomized controlled trial. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken). 2011 Mar;63(3):335-41. doi: 10.1002/acr.20398. Epub 2010 Nov 15.
Lamplot JD, Wagner ER, Manning DW Multimodal pain management in total knee arthroplasty: a prospective randomized controlled trial. J Arthroplasty. 2014 Feb;29(2):329-34. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2013.06.005. Epub 2013 Jul 11.
Madsen M, Larsen K, Madsen IK, Søe H, Hansen TB Late group-based rehabilitation has no advantages compared with supervised home-exercises after total knee arthroplasty. Dan Med J. 2013 Apr;60(4):A4607.
Meier W, Mizner RL, Marcus RL, Dibble LE, Peters C, Lastayo PC Total knee arthroplasty: muscle impairments, functional limitations, and recommended rehabilitation approaches. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2008 May;38(5):246-56. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2008.2715. Epub 2007 Dec 14. Review.
Minns Lowe CJ, Barker KL, Dewey M, Sackley CM Effectiveness of physiotherapy exercise after knee arthroplasty for osteoarthritis: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. BMJ. 2007 Oct 20;335(7624):812. Epub 2007 Sep 20. Review.
Nakai T, Tamaki M, Nakamura T, Nakai T, Onishi A, Hashimoto K Controlling pain after total knee arthroplasty using a multimodal protocol with local periarticular injections. J Orthop. 2013 Mar 17;10(2):92-4. doi: 10.1016/j.jor.2013.02.001. eCollection 2013.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
