Osteoarthritis — The Influence of Leg Length Discrepancy After Total Hip Arthroplasty on Function and Quality of Life
Citation(s)
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Mahmood SS, Mukka SS, Crnalic S, Sayed-Noor AS The Influence of Leg Length Discrepancy after Total Hip Arthroplasty on Function and Quality of Life: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Arthroplasty. 2015 Sep;30(9):1638-42. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2015.04.012. Epub
Ogawa K, Kabata T, Maeda T, Kajino Y, Tsuchiya H Accurate leg length measurement in total hip arthroplasty: a comparison of computer navigation and a simple manual measurement device. Clin Orthop Surg. 2014 Jun;6(2):153-8. doi: 10.4055/cios.2014.6.2.153. Epub 2014 May 16.
Plaass C, Clauss M, Ochsner PE, Ilchmann T Influence of leg length discrepancy on clinical results after total hip arthroplasty--a prospective clinical trial. Hip Int. 2011 Jul-Aug;21(4):441-9. doi: 10.5301/HIP.2011.8575.
Whitehouse MR, Stefanovich-Lawbuary NS, Brunton LR, Blom AW The impact of leg length discrepancy on patient satisfaction and functional outcome following total hip arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2013 Sep;28(8):1408-14. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2012.12.009. Epub 2013 Mar 16.
The Influence of Leg Length Discrepancy After Total Hip Arthroplasty on Function and Quality of Life
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
