Osteoarthritis — Aerobic Exercise Intervention for Knee Osteoarthritis
Citation(s)
Agnesi F, Amrami KK, Frigo CA, Kaufman KR Comparison of cartilage thickness with radiologic grade of knee osteoarthritis. Skeletal Radiol. 2008 Jul;37(7):639-43. doi: 10.1007/s00256-008-0483-y. Epub 2008 May 7.
Agnesi F, Amrami KK, Frigo CA, Kaufman KR Semiautomated digital analysis of knee joint space width using MR images. Skeletal Radiol. 2007 May;36(5):437-44. Epub 2007 Jan 23.
Grochowski SJ, Amrami KK, Kaufman K Semi-automated digital image analysis of patellofemoral joint space width from lateral knee radiographs. Skeletal Radiol. 2005 Oct;34(10):644-8. Epub 2005 Jul 15.
Koff MF, Amrami KK, Felmlee JP, Kaufman KR Bias of cartilage T2 values related to method of calculation. Magn Reson Imaging. 2008 Nov;26(9):1236-43. doi: 10.1016/j.mri.2008.03.002. Epub 2008 May 7.
Koff MF, Amrami KK, Kaufman KR Clinical evaluation of T2 values of patellar cartilage in patients with osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 2007 Feb;15(2):198-204. Epub 2006 Sep 1.
Schmidt JE, Amrami KK, Manduca A, Kaufman KR Semi-automated digital image analysis of joint space width in knee radiographs. Skeletal Radiol. 2005 Oct;34(10):639-43. Epub 2005 May 25.
Aerobic Exercise Intervention for Knee Osteoarthritis
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
