Osteoarthritis of Hip — Bone Mineral Changes Around Stemless and Stemmed Cementless Femoral Components
Citation(s)
Albanese CV, Santori FS, Pavan L, Learmonth ID, Passariello R Periprosthetic DXA after total hip arthroplasty with short vs. ultra-short custom-made femoral stems: 37 patients followed for 3 years. Acta Orthop. 2009 Jun;80(3):291-7. doi: 10.3109/17453670903074467.
Kim YH Cementless total hip arthroplasty with a close proximal fit and short tapered distal stem (third-generation) prosthesis. J Arthroplasty. 2002 Oct;17(7):841-50.
Renkawitz T, Santori FS, Grifka J, Valverde C, Morlock MM, Learmonth ID A new short uncemented, proximally fixed anatomic femoral implant with a prominent lateral flare: design rationals and study design of an international clinical trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2008 Nov 4;9:147. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-9-147.
Periprosthetic Bone Mineral Changes Around Stemless and Stemmed Cementless Femoral Components
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
