Brandt KD, Fife RS, Braunstein EM, Katz B Radiographic grading of the severity of knee osteoarthritis: relation of the Kellgren and Lawrence grade to a grade based on joint space narrowing, and correlation with arthroscopic evidence of articular cartilage degeneration. Arthritis Rheum. 1991 Nov;34(11):1381-6.
De Souza IG, Pavan Kumar G Effect of Releasing Myofascial Chain in Patients with Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome-A Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Cur Res Rev| Vol. 2020;12(08):5.
Dor A, Kalichman L A myofascial component of pain in knee osteoarthritis. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2017 Jul;21(3):642-647. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2017.03.025. Epub 2017 Apr 6. Review.
Doucette SA, Goble EM The effect of exercise on patellar tracking in lateral patellar compression syndrome. Am J Sports Med. 1992 Jul-Aug;20(4):434-40.
Kohn MD, Sassoon AA, Fernando ND Classifications in Brief: Kellgren-Lawrence Classification of Osteoarthritis. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2016 Aug;474(8):1886-93. doi: 10.1007/s11999-016-4732-4. Epub 2016 Feb 12. Review.
Lage PTS, Machado LAC, Barreto SM, de Figueiredo RC, Telles RW Measurement properties of Portuguese-Brazil Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index (WOMAC) for the assessment of knee complaints in Brazilian adults: ELSA-Brasil Musculoskeletal cohort. Rheumatol Int. 2020 Feb;40(2):233-242. doi: 10.1007/s00296-019-04496-1. Epub 2019 Dec 19.
Manheim CJ The Myofascial Release Manual: SLACK; 2008
Nguyen TV Osteoarthritis in southeast Asia. International Journal of Clinical Rheumatology. 2014.
Ntagiopoulos PG, Dejour D Patellofemoral Pain, Instability, and Arthritis. Patellofemoral Pain, Instability, and Arthritis: Clinical Presentation, Imaging, and Treatment. 2020:1.
Rozenfeld E, Finestone AS, Moran U, Damri E, Kalichman L The prevalence of myofascial trigger points in hip and thigh areas in anterior knee pain patients. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2020 Jan;24(1):31-38. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2019.05.010. Epub 2019 May 14.
Shamsi M, Mirzaei M, Khabiri SS Universal goniometer and electro-goniometer intra-examiner reliability in measuring the knee range of motion during active knee extension test in patients with chronic low back pain with short hamstring muscle. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil. 2019 Mar 22;11:4. doi: 10.1186/s13102-019-0116-x. eCollection 2019.
Stanek J, Sullivan T, Davis S Comparison of Compressive Myofascial Release and the Graston Technique for Improving Ankle-Dorsiflexion Range of Motion. J Athl Train. 2018 Feb;53(2):160-167. doi: 10.4085/1062-6050-386-16. Epub 2018 Jan 26.
Vijayakumar M, Jaideep A, Khankal R Effectiveness of Compressive Myofascial Release Vs Instrument Assisted Soft Tissue Mobilization in Subjects with Active Trigger Points of the Calf Muscle Limiting Ankle Dorsiflexion. International Journal of Health Sciences and Research. 2019;9(4):98-106
Williams SB, Brand CA, Hill KD, Hunt SB, Moran H Feasibility and outcomes of a home-based exercise program on improving balance and gait stability in women with lower-limb osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis: a pilot study. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2010 Jan;91(1):106-14. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2009.08.150.
Zhang Y, Jordan JM Epidemiology of osteoarthritis. Clin Geriatr Med. 2010 Aug;26(3):355-69. doi: 10.1016/j.cger.2010.03.001. Review. Erratum in: Clin Geriatr Med. 2013 May;29(2):ix.
Effects of Compressive Myofascial Release of Vastus Lateralis on Lateral Patellar Tracking in Patients With Knee Osteoarthritis.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
