Chauhan SK, Clark GW, Lloyd S, Scott RG, Breidahl W, Sikorski JM Computer-assisted total knee replacement. A controlled cadaver study using a multi-parameter quantitative CT assessment of alignment (the Perth CT Protocol). J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2004 Aug;86(6):818-23.
Fang DM, Ritter MA, Davis KE Coronal alignment in total knee arthroplasty: just how important is it? J Arthroplasty. 2009 Sep;24(6 Suppl):39-43. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2009.04.034. Epub 2009 Jun 24.
Heyse TJ, Tibesku CO Improved femoral component rotation in TKA using patient-specific instrumentation. Knee. 2014 Jan;21(1):268-71. doi: 10.1016/j.knee.2012.10.009. Epub 2012 Nov 8.
Longstaff LM, Sloan K, Stamp N, Scaddan M, Beaver R Good alignment after total knee arthroplasty leads to faster rehabilitation and better function. J Arthroplasty. 2009 Jun;24(4):570-8. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2008.03.002. Epub 2008 May 19.
Nunley RM, Ellison BS, Zhu J, Ruh EL, Howell SM, Barrack RL Do patient-specific guides improve coronal alignment in total knee arthroplasty? Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2012 Mar;470(3):895-902. doi: 10.1007/s11999-011-2222-2. Epub 2011 Dec 20. Erratum in: Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2012 Apr;470(4):1242.
Rienmüller A, Guggi T, Gruber G, Preiss S, Drobny T The effect of femoral component rotation on the five-year outcome of cemented mobile bearing total knee arthroplasty. Int Orthop. 2012 Oct;36(10):2067-72. doi: 10.1007/s00264-012-1628-0. Epub 2012 Aug 1.
Evaluation of the TruMatch® Personalized Solutions System in Knee Prosthetic Surgery
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
