da Costa TM, Barbosa BJ, Gomes e Costa DA, Sigulem D, de Fátima Marin H, Filho AC, Pisa IT Results of a randomized controlled trial to assess the effects of a mobile SMS-based intervention on treatment adherence in HIV/AIDS-infected Brazilian women and impressions and satisfaction with respect to incoming messages. Int J Med Inform. 2012 Apr;81(4):257-69. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2011.10.002. Epub 2012 Jan 31.
de Silva-Sanigorski A, Ashbolt R, Green J, Calache H, Keith B, Riggs E, Waters E Parental self-efficacy and oral health-related knowledge are associated with parent and child oral health behaviors and self-reported oral health status. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2013 Aug;41(4):345-52. doi: 10.1111/cdoe.12019. Epub 2012 Nov 17.
Folayan MO, Kolawole KA, Oyedele T, Chukwumah NM, Onyejaka N, Agbaje H, Oziegbe EO, Oshomoji OV Association between knowledge of caries preventive practices, preventive oral health habits of parents and children and caries experience in children resident in sub-urban Nigeria. BMC Oral Health. 2014 Dec 16;14:156. doi: 10.1186/1472-6831-14-156. Erratum in: BMC Oral Health. 2015;15:62. Osho, Olusegun V [corrected to Oshomoji, Olusegun V]; Chukumah, Nneka M [corrected to Chukwumah, Nneka M].
Haleem A, Siddiqui MI, Khan AA School-based strategies for oral health education of adolescents--a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC Oral Health. 2012 Dec 18;12:54. doi: 10.1186/1472-6831-12-54.
Hall AK, Cole-Lewis H, Bernhardt JM Mobile text messaging for health: a systematic review of reviews. Annu Rev Public Health. 2015 Mar 18;36:393-415. doi: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031914-122855. Review.
Higgs ES, Goldberg AB, Labrique AB, Cook SH, Schmid C, Cole CF, Obregón RA Understanding the role of mHealth and other media interventions for behavior change to enhance child survival and development in low- and middle-income countries: an evidence review. J Health Commun. 2014;19 Suppl 1:164-89. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2014.929763. Review.
Kay E, Locker D A systematic review of the effectiveness of health promotion aimed at improving oral health. Community Dent Health. 1998 Sep;15(3):132-44.
Park LG, Howie-Esquivel J, Dracup K A quantitative systematic review of the efficacy of mobile phone interventions to improve medication adherence. J Adv Nurs. 2014 Sep;70(9):1932-1953. doi: 10.1111/jan.12400. Epub 2014 Apr 1. Review.
Petersen PE The World Oral Health Report 2003: continuous improvement of oral health in the 21st century--the approach of the WHO Global Oral Health Programme. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2003 Dec;31 Suppl 1:3-23.
Sharma R, Hebbal M, Ankola AV, Murugabupathy V Mobile-phone text messaging (SMS) for providing oral health education to mothers of preschool children in Belgaum City. J Telemed Telecare. 2011;17(8):432-6. doi: 10.1258/jtt.2011.110416. Epub 2011 Oct 24.
Watt RG Strategies and approaches in oral disease prevention and health promotion. Bull World Health Organ. 2005 Sep;83(9):711-8. Epub 2005 Sep 30. Review.
Mobile Phone Messaging to Parents: To Improve Oral Hygiene Among Primary School Children In Quetta, Pakistan
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
