Abidin Z, Davoren M, Naughton L, Gibbons O, Nulty A, Kennedy HG Susceptibility (risk and protective) factors for in-patient violence and self-harm: prospective study of structured professional judgement instruments START and SAPROF, DUNDRUM-3 and DUNDRUM
Davoren M, Abidin Z, Naughton L, Gibbons O, Nulty A, Wright B, Kennedy HG Prospective study of factors influencing conditional discharge from a forensic hospital: the DUNDRUM-3 programme completion and DUNDRUM-4 recovery structured professional judgement instruments and risk. BMC Psychiatry. 2013 Jul 9;13:185. doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-13-185.
Donnelly V, Lynch A, Mohan D, Kennedy HG Working alliance, interpersonal trust and perceived coercion in mental health review hearings. Int J Ment Health Syst. 2011 Nov 10;5(1):29. doi: 10.1186/1752-4458-5-29.
Flynn G, O'Neill C, McInerney C, Kennedy HG The DUNDRUM-1 structured professional judgment for triage to appropriate levels of therapeutic security: retrospective-cohort validation study. BMC Psychiatry. 2011 Mar 16;11:43. doi: 10.1186/1471-244X-11-43.
Freestone M, Bull D, Brown R, Boast N, Blazey F, Gilluley P Triage, decision-making and follow-up of patients referred to a UK forensic service: validation of the DUNDRUM toolkit. BMC Psychiatry. 2015 Oct 7;15:239. doi: 10.1186/s12888-015-0620-9.
Ijaz A, Papaconstantinou A, O'Neill H, Kennedy HG The Suicide Risk Assessment and Management Manual (S-RAMM) Validation Study 1. Ir J Psychol Med. 2009 Jun;26(2):54-58. doi: 10.1017/S0790966700000215.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
