Obesity — Obesity, Inflammation and Aging: Effects of Physical Exercise and Omega-3 Fatty Acids.
Citation(s)
González-Muniesa P, Marrades MP, Martínez JA, Moreno-Aliaga MJ Differential proinflammatory and oxidative stress response and vulnerability to metabolic syndrome in habitual high-fat young male consumers putatively predisposed by their genetic background. Int J Mol Sci. 2013 Aug 22;14(9):17238-55. doi: 10.3390/ijms140917238.
Huerta AE, Prieto-Hontoria PL, Sáinz N, Martínez JA, Moreno-Aliaga MJ Supplementation with a-Lipoic Acid Alone or in Combination with Eicosapentaenoic Acid Modulates the Inflammatory Status of Healthy Overweight or Obese Women Consuming an Energy-Restricted Diet. J Nutr. 2015 Apr 1;146(4):889S-896S. doi: 10.3945/jn.115.224105.
Marrades MP, González-Muniesa P, Arteta D, Martínez JA, Moreno-Aliaga MJ Orchestrated downregulation of genes involved in oxidative metabolic pathways in obese vs. lean high-fat young male consumers. J Physiol Biochem. 2011 Mar;67(1):15-26. doi: 10.1007/s13105-010-0044-4. Epub 2010 Sep 30.
Marrades MP, González-Muniesa P, Martínez JA, Moreno-Aliaga MJ A dysregulation in CES1, APOE and other lipid metabolism-related genes is associated to cardiovascular risk factors linked to obesity. Obes Facts. 2010 Oct;3(5):312-8. doi: 10.1159/000321451. Epub 2010 Oct 15.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
