Non Small Cell Lung Cancer — Pharmacogenetics in Non Small Cell Lung Cancer
Citation(s)
Blair BG, Larson CA, Safaei R, Howell SB Copper transporter 2 regulates the cellular accumulation and cytotoxicity of Cisplatin and Carboplatin. Clin Cancer Res. 2009 Jul 1;15(13):4312-21. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-09-0311. Epub 2009 Jun 9.
Roco A, Cayún J, Contreras S, Stojanova J, Quiñones L Can pharmacogenetics explain efficacy and safety of cisplatin pharmacotherapy? Front Genet. 2014 Nov 14;5:391. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2014.00391. eCollection 2014. Review.
Xu X, Ren H, Zhou B, Zhao Y, Yuan R, Ma R, Zhou H, Liu Z Prediction of copper transport protein 1 (CTR1) genotype on severe cisplatin induced toxicity in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Lung Cancer. 2012 Aug;77(2):438-42. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2012.03.023. Epub 2012 Apr 17.
Effect of Copper Transporter-1 Genetic Polymorphism on Platinum Based Chemotherapy Response in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Patients
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
