Neck Pain — Translation of Neck Disability Index Into Local Pakistani Languages of Pakistan
Citation(s)
Andersson HI, Ejlertsson G, Leden I, Rosenberg C Chronic pain in a geographically defined general population: studies of differences in age, gender, social class, and pain localization. Clin J Pain. 1993 Sep;9(3):174-82.
Farooq MN, Mohseni-Bandpei MA, Gilani SA, Hafeez A Urdu version of the neck disability index: a reliability and validity study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2017 Apr 8;18(1):149. doi: 10.1186/s12891-017-1469-5.
Howell ER The association between neck pain, the Neck Disability Index and cervical ranges of motion: a narrative review. J Can Chiropr Assoc. 2011 Sep;55(3):211-21.
Rathore FA, Attique R, Asmaa Y Prevalence and Perceptions of Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Hospital Nurses in Pakistan: A Cross-sectional Survey. Cureus. 2017 Jan 26;9(1):e1001. doi: 10.7759/cureus.1001.
Test of Reliability and Validation of Neck Disability Index Questionnaire in Local Languages of Pakistan
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Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
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Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
