Muscle Tightness — Effect of Manual Technique on Hamstring Flexibility
Citation(s)
Marr M, Baker J, Lambon N, Perry J The effects of the Bowen technique on hamstring flexibility over time: a randomised controlled trial. J Bodyw Mov Ther. 2011 Jul;15(3):281-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2010.07.008. Epub 2010 Sep 15.
Medeiros DM, Cini A, Sbruzzi G, Lima CS Influence of static stretching on hamstring flexibility in healthy young adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Physiother Theory Pract. 2016 Aug;32(6):438-445. Epub 2016 Jul 26. Review.
Shadmehr A, Hadian MR, Naiemi SS, Jalaie S Hamstring flexibility in young women following passive stretch and muscle energy technique. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2009;22(3):143-8. doi: 10.3233/BMR-2009-0227.
Starring DT, Gossman MR, Nicholson GG Jr, Lemons J Comparison of cyclic and sustained passive stretching using a mechanical device to increase resting length of hamstring muscles. Phys Ther. 1988 Mar;68(3):314-20.
Comparison of Bowen Technique and Sustain Stretching on Hamstring Flexibility in Asymptomatic Females
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
