Badia M, Orgaz MB, Riquelme I, Gómez-Iruretagoyena J Domains of the Cerebral Palsy Quality of Life Questionnaire (CP QOL) for Children and Adolescents: Spanish Adaptation and Psychometric Properties. 2021;33:331-349.
Bloemen M, Van Wely L, Mollema J, Dallmeijer A, de Groot J Evidence for increasing physical activity in children with physical disabilities: a systematic review. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2017 Oct;59(10):1004-1010. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13422. Epub 2017 Apr 4.
Carey H, Martin K, Combs-Miller S, Heathcock JC Reliability and Responsiveness of the Timed Up and Go Test in Children With Cerebral Palsy. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2016 winter;28(4):401-8. doi: 10.1097/PEP.0000000000000301.
Chen YP, Pope S, Tyler D, Warren GL Effectiveness of constraint-induced movement therapy on upper-extremity function in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Clin Rehabil. 2014 Oct;28(10):939-53. doi: 10.1177/0269215514544982. Epub 2014 Aug 14.
Cheng HY, Ju YY, Chen CL, Chuang LL, Cheng CH Effects of whole body vibration on spasticity and lower extremity function in children with cerebral palsy. Hum Mov Sci. 2015 Feb;39:65-72. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2014.11.003. Epub 2014 Nov 24.
Cheng HY, Yu YC, Wong AM, Tsai YS, Ju YY Effects of an eight-week whole body vibration on lower extremity muscle tone and function in children with cerebral palsy. Res Dev Disabil. 2015 Mar;38:256-61. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.12.017. Epub 2015 Jan 7.
Chiu HC, Ada L Constraint-induced movement therapy improves upper limb activity and participation in hemiplegic cerebral palsy: a systematic review. J Physiother. 2016 Jul;62(3):130-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jphys.2016.05.013. Epub 2016 Jun 17.
Chiu HC, Ada L Effect of functional electrical stimulation on activity in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2014 Fall;26(3):283-8. doi: 10.1097/PEP.0000000000000045.
Das SP, Ganesh GS Evidence-based Approach to Physical Therapy in Cerebral Palsy. Indian J Orthop. 2019 Jan-Feb;53(1):20-34. doi: 10.4103/ortho.IJOrtho_241_17.
Dewar R, Claus AP, Tucker K, Ware RS, Johnston LM Reproducibility of the Kids-BESTest and the Kids-Mini-BESTest for Children With Cerebral Palsy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2019 Apr;100(4):695-702. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2018.12.021. Epub 2019 Jan 9.
Dodd KJ, Taylor NF, Graham HK A randomized clinical trial of strength training in young people with cerebral palsy. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2003 Oct;45(10):652-7. doi: 10.1017/s0012162203001221.
Engsberg JR, Ross SA, Collins DR Increasing ankle strength to improve gait and function in children with cerebral palsy: a pilot study. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2006 Winter;18(4):266-75. doi: 10.1097/01.pep.0000233023.33383.2b.
Ferre CL, Brandao M, Surana B, Dew AP, Moreau NG, Gordon AM Caregiver-directed home-based intensive bimanual training in young children with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy: a randomized trial. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2017 May;59(5):497-504. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13330. Epub 2016 Nov 19.
Gannotti ME Coupling Timing of Interventions With Dose to Optimize Plasticity and Participation in Pediatric Neurologic Populations. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2017 Jul;29 Suppl 3(Suppl 3 IV STEP 2016 CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS ):S37-S47. doi: 10.1097/PEP.0000000000000383.
Ha SY, Sung YH Effects of Vojta approach on diaphragm movement in children with spastic cerebral palsy. J Exerc Rehabil. 2018 Dec 27;14(6):1005-1009. doi: 10.12965/jer.1836498.249. eCollection 2018 Dec.
Hadders-Algra M, Boxum AG, Hielkema T, Hamer EG Effect of early intervention in infants at very high risk of cerebral palsy: a systematic review. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2017 Mar;59(3):246-258. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13331. Epub 2016 Dec 7.
Hasnat MJ, Rice JE Intrathecal baclofen for treating spasticity in children with cerebral palsy. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015 Nov 13;2015(11):CD004552. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD004552.pub2.
Health Quality Ontario Lumbosacral Dorsal Rhizotomy for Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Health Technology Assessment. Ont Health Technol Assess Ser. 2017 Jul 6;17(10):1-186. eCollection 2017.
Huang M, Liao LR, Pang MY Effects of whole body vibration on muscle spasticity for people with central nervous system disorders: a systematic review. Clin Rehabil. 2017 Jan;31(1):23-33. doi: 10.1177/0269215515621117. Epub 2016 Jul 11.
Inguaggiato E, Sgandurra G, Perazza S, Guzzetta A, Cioni G Brain reorganization following intervention in children with congenital hemiplegia: a systematic review. Neural Plast. 2013;2013:356275. doi: 10.1155/2013/356275. Epub 2013 Dec 3.
Jamali AR, Amini M The Effects of Constraint-Induced Movement Therapy on Functions of Cerebral Palsy Children. Iran J Child Neurol. 2018 Fall;12(4):16-27.
Kahraman A, Seyhan K, Deger U, Kutluturk S, Mutlu A Should botulinum toxin A injections be repeated in children with cerebral palsy? A systematic review. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2016 Sep;58(9):910-7. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13135. Epub 2016 Apr 22.
Katusic A, Alimovic S, Mejaski-Bosnjak V The effect of vibration therapy on spasticity and motor function in children with cerebral palsy: a randomized controlled trial. NeuroRehabilitation. 2013;32(1):1-8. doi: 10.3233/NRE-130817.
Katz-Leurer M, Rottem H, Meyer S Hand-held dynamometry in children with traumatic brain injury: within-session reliability. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2008 Fall;20(3):259-63. doi: 10.1097/PEP.0b013e3181824782.
Kleim JA, Jones TA Principles of experience-dependent neural plasticity: implications for rehabilitation after brain damage. J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2008 Feb;51(1):S225-39. doi: 10.1044/1092-4388(2008/018).
Ko J, Kim M Reliability and responsiveness of the gross motor function measure-88 in children with cerebral palsy. Phys Ther. 2013 Mar;93(3):393-400. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20110374. Epub 2012 Nov 8.
Lamberts RP, Burger M, du Toit J, Langerak NG A Systematic Review of the Effects of Single-Event Multilevel Surgery on Gait Parameters in Children with Spastic Cerebral Palsy. PLoS One. 2016 Oct 18;11(10):e0164686. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164686. eCollection 2016.
Lefmann S, Russo R, Hillier S The effectiveness of robotic-assisted gait training for paediatric gait disorders: systematic review. J Neuroeng Rehabil. 2017 Jan 5;14(1):1. doi: 10.1186/s12984-016-0214-x.
Maher CA, Williams MT, Olds TS The six-minute walk test for children with cerebral palsy. Int J Rehabil Res. 2008 Jun;31(2):185-8. doi: 10.1097/MRR.0b013e32830150f9.
Mockford M, Caulton JM Systematic review of progressive strength training in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy who are ambulatory. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2008 Winter;20(4):318-33. doi: 10.1097/PEP.0b013e31818b7ccd.
Moreau NG, Bodkin AW, Bjornson K, Hobbs A, Soileau M, Lahasky K Effectiveness of Rehabilitation Interventions to Improve Gait Speed in Children With Cerebral Palsy: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Phys Ther. 2016 Dec;96(12):1938-1954. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20150401. Epub 2016 Jun 16.
Morgan C, Novak I, Badawi N Enriched environments and motor outcomes in cerebral palsy: systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatrics. 2013 Sep;132(3):e735-46. doi: 10.1542/peds.2012-3985. Epub 2013 Aug 19.
Mutlu A, Livanelioglu A, Gunel MK Reliability of Ashworth and Modified Ashworth scales in children with spastic cerebral palsy. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2008 Apr 10;9:44. doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-9-44.
Novak I, Berry J Home program intervention effectiveness evidence. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2014 Nov;34(4):384-9. doi: 10.3109/01942638.2014.964020. Epub 2014 Oct 15. No abstract available.
Novak I, Hines M, Goldsmith S, Barclay R Clinical prognostic messages from a systematic review on cerebral palsy. Pediatrics. 2012 Nov;130(5):e1285-312. doi: 10.1542/peds.2012-0924. Epub 2012 Oct 8.
Nsenga Leunkeu A, Shephard RJ, Ahmaidi S Six-minute walk test in children with cerebral palsy gross motor function classification system levels I and II: reproducibility, validity, and training effects. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2012 Dec;93(12):2333-9. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2012.06.005. Epub 2012 Jun 18.
O'Brien TD, Noyes J, Spencer LH, Kubis HP, Hastings RP, Whitaker R Systematic review of physical activity and exercise interventions to improve health, fitness and well-being of children and young people who use wheelchairs. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med. 2016 Nov 15;2(1):e000109. doi: 10.1136/bmjsem-2016-000109. eCollection 2016.
Pandey, D P., & Tyagi, V. (2011). Effect of functional strength training on functional motor performance in young children with cerebral palsy. Indian Journal of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, 5(1), 52-55.
Park EY, Kim WH Meta-analysis of the effect of strengthening interventions in individuals with cerebral palsy. Res Dev Disabil. 2014 Feb;35(2):239-49. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.10.021. Epub 2013 Nov 27.
Pin TW, Butler PB, Purves S Use of whole body vibration therapy in individuals with moderate severity of cerebral palsy- a feasibility study. BMC Neurol. 2019 May 1;19(1):80. doi: 10.1186/s12883-019-1307-5.
Reedman S, Boyd RN, Sakzewski L The efficacy of interventions to increase physical activity participation of children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2017 Oct;59(10):1011-1018. doi: 10.1111/dmcn.13413. Epub 2017 Mar 20.
Ritzmann R, Stark C, Krause A Vibration therapy in patients with cerebral palsy: a systematic review. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2018 Jun 18;14:1607-1625. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S152543. eCollection 2018.
Ross SA, Engsberg JR Relationships between spasticity, strength, gait, and the GMFM-66 in persons with spastic diplegia cerebral palsy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2007 Sep;88(9):1114-20. doi: 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.06.011.
Sadowska M, Sarecka-Hujar B, Kopyta I Cerebral Palsy: Current Opinions on Definition, Epidemiology, Risk Factors, Classification and Treatment Options. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2020 Jun 12;16:1505-1518. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S235165. eCollection 2020.
Sakzewski L, Ziviani J, Boyd RN Efficacy of upper limb therapies for unilateral cerebral palsy: a meta-analysis. Pediatrics. 2014 Jan;133(1):e175-204. doi: 10.1542/peds.2013-0675. Epub 2013 Dec 23.
Salazar AP, Pagnussat AS, Pereira GA, Scopel G, Lukrafka JL Neuromuscular electrical stimulation to improve gross motor function in children with cerebral palsy: a meta-analysis. Braz J Phys Ther. 2019 Sep-Oct;23(5):378-386. doi: 10.1016/j.bjpt.2019.01.006. Epub 2019 Jan 23.
Salem Y, Godwin EM Effects of task-oriented training on mobility function in children with cerebral palsy. NeuroRehabilitation. 2009;24(4):307-13. doi: 10.3233/NRE-2009-0483.
Saquetto M, Carvalho V, Silva C, Conceicao C, Gomes-Neto M The effects of whole body vibration on mobility and balance in children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review with meta-analysis. J Musculoskelet Neuronal Interact. 2015 Jun;15(2):137-44.
Sgandurra G, Ferrari A, Cossu G, Guzzetta A, Fogassi L, Cioni G Randomized trial of observation and execution of upper extremity actions versus action alone in children with unilateral cerebral palsy. Neurorehabil Neural Repair. 2013 Nov-Dec;27(9):808-15. doi: 10.1177/1545968313497101. Epub 2013 Jul 25.
Taylor NF, Dodd KJ, Graham HK Test-retest reliability of hand-held dynamometric strength testing in young people with cerebral palsy. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2004 Jan;85(1):77-80. doi: 10.1016/s0003-9993(03)00379-4.
Tekin F, Kavlak E, Cavlak U, Altug F Effectiveness of Neuro-Developmental Treatment (Bobath Concept) on postural control and balance in Cerebral Palsied children. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2018;31(2):397-403. doi: 10.3233/BMR-170813.
Toovey R, Bernie C, Harvey AR, McGinley JL, Spittle AJ Task-specific gross motor skills training for ambulant school-aged children with cerebral palsy: a systematic review. BMJ Paediatr Open. 2017 Aug 11;1(1):e000078. doi: 10.1136/bmjpo-2017-000078. eCollection 2017.
van Vulpen LF, de Groot S, Rameckers EAA, Becher JG, Dallmeijer AJ Effectiveness of Functional Power Training on Walking Ability in Young Children With Cerebral Palsy: Study Protocol of a Double-Baseline Trial. Pediatr Phys Ther. 2017 Jul;29(3):275-282. doi: 10.1097/PEP.0000000000000424.
Verschuren O, Darrah J, Novak I, Ketelaar M, Wiart L Health-enhancing physical activity in children with cerebral palsy: more of the same is not enough. Phys Ther. 2014 Feb;94(2):297-305. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20130214. Epub 2013 Oct 3.
Wells H, Marquez J, Wakely L Garment Therapy does not Improve Function in Children with Cerebral Palsy: A Systematic Review. Phys Occup Ther Pediatr. 2018 Nov;38(4):395-416. doi: 10.1080/01942638.2017.1365323. Epub 2017 Sep 18.
Effectiveness of Whole-Body Vibration on Lower Limb Motor Function and Spasticity in Children With Spastic Cerebral Palsy
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.