Morbid Obesity — Pilot Study of the Endolumik Gastric Calibration Tube for Bariatric Surgery
Citation(s)
English WJ, DeMaria EJ, Brethauer SA, Mattar SG, Rosenthal RJ, Morton JM American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery estimation of metabolic and bariatric procedures performed in the United States in 2016. Surg Obes Relat Dis. 2018 Mar;14(3):259-263. doi: 10.1016/j.soard.2017.12.013. Epub 2017 Dec 16.
Lovece A, Rouvelas I, Hayami M, Lindblad M, Tsekrekos A Cervical esophageal perforation caused by the use of bougie during laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: a case report and review of the literature. BMC Surg. 2020 Jan 10;20(1):9. doi: 10.1186/s12893-020-0679-1. Review.
Mahawar KK Bougie-Related Oesophageal Injury with Bariatric Surgery: An Unrecognised Problem. Obes Surg. 2016 Aug;26(8):1935-6. doi: 10.1007/s11695-016-2213-1.
Pilot Study of the Endolumik Gastric Calibration Tube for Bariatric Surgery
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
