Mild Traumatic Brain Injury — Symptom-Targeted Rehabilitation for Concussion
Citation(s)
Blevins CA, Weathers FW, Davis MT, Witte TK, Domino JL The Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist for DSM-5 (PCL-5): Development and Initial Psychometric Evaluation. J Trauma Stress. 2015 Dec;28(6):489-98. doi: 10.1002/jts.22059. Epub 2015 Nov 25.
Garber BG, Rusu C, Zamorski MA Deployment-related mild traumatic brain injury, mental health problems, and post-concussive symptoms in Canadian Armed Forces personnel. BMC Psychiatry. 2014 Nov 20;14:325. doi: 10.1186/s12888-014-0325-5.
Hoffman AN, Taylor AN Stress reactivity after traumatic brain injury: implications for comorbid post-traumatic stress disorder. Behav Pharmacol. 2019 Apr;30(2 and 3-Spec Issue):115-121. doi: 10.1097/FBP.0000000000000461.
Loignon A, Ouellet MC, Belleville G A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on PTSD Following TBI Among Military/Veteran and Civilian Populations. J Head Trauma Rehabil. 2020 Jan/Feb;35(1):E21-E35. doi: 10.1097/HTR.0000000000000514.
Malec JF, Smigielski JS, DePompolo RW Goal attainment scaling and outcome measurement in postacute brain injury rehabilitation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 1991 Feb;72(2):138-43.
Management of Concussion/mTBI Working Group VA/DoD Clinical Practice Guideline for Management of Concussion/Mild Traumatic Brain Injury. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2009;46(6):CP1-68. No abstract available.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
