Mental Health Disorder — Outcomes in Youth Visiting the ED With Mental Health Issues: a Pilot Text Based Intervention
Citation(s)
Arora S, Burner E, Terp S, Nok Lam C, Nercisian A, Bhatt V, Menchine M Improving attendance at post-emergency department follow-up via automated text message appointment reminders: a randomized controlled trial. Acad Emerg Med. 2015 Jan;22(1):31-7. doi: 10.1111/acem.12503. Epub 2014 Nov 11.
Case SD, Case BG, Olfson M, Linakis JG, Laska EM Length of stay of pediatric mental health emergency department visits in the United States. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2011 Nov;50(11):1110-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jaac.2011.08.011. Epub 2011 Oct 2.
Dolan MA, Fein JA; Committee on Pediatric Emergency Medicine Pediatric and adolescent mental health emergencies in the emergency medical services system. Pediatrics. 2011 May;127(5):e1356-66. doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-0522. Epub 2011 Apr 25. Review.
Frosch E, McCulloch J, Yoon Y, DosReis S Pediatric emergency consultations: prior mental health service use in suicide attempters. J Behav Health Serv Res. 2011 Jan;38(1):68-79. doi: 10.1007/s11414-009-9192-0. Epub 2009 Sep 19.
Grupp-Phelan J, McGuire L, Husky MM, Olfson M A randomized controlled trial to engage in care of adolescent emergency department patients with mental health problems that increase suicide risk. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2012 Dec;28(12):1263-8. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0b013e3182767ac8.
Simon AE, Schoendorf KC Emergency department visits for mental health conditions among US children, 2001-2011. Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2014 Dec;53(14):1359-66. doi: 10.1177/0009922814541806. Epub 2014 Jul 7.
Smith MW, Stocks C, Santora PB Hospital readmission rates and emergency department visits for mental health and substance abuse conditions. Community Ment Health J. 2015 Feb;51(2):190-7. doi: 10.1007/s10597-014-9784-x. Epub 2015 Jan 7.
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Improving Outcomes for Youth Visiting the Emergency Department With Mental Health Issues
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
