Macular Disease — Translation of Eye Movement Reading Training to Clinical Practice
Citation(s)
Grant P, Seiple W, Szlyk JP Effect of depression on actual and perceived effects of reading rehabilitation for people with central vision loss. J Rehabil Res Dev. 2011;48(9):1101-8.
Little DM, Thulborn KR, Szlyk JP An FMRI study of saccadic and smooth-pursuit eye movement control in patients with age-related macular degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2008 Apr;49(4):1728-35. doi: 10.1167/iovs.07-0372.
Ming J, Thulborn KR, Szlyk JP Reproducibility of activation maps for longitudinal studies of visual function by functional magnetic resonance imaging. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2012 Sep 14;53(10):6153-63. doi: 10.1167/iovs.11-8375.
Seiple W, Grant P, Szlyk JP Reading rehabilitation of individuals with AMD: relative effectiveness of training approaches. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2011 May 5;52(6):2938-44. doi: 10.1167/iovs.10-6137.
Soong GP, Shapiro M, Seiple W, Szlyk JP Macular structure and vision of patients with macular heterotopia secondary to retinopathy of prematurity. Retina. 2008 Oct;28(8):1111-6. doi: 10.1097/IAE.0b013e3181744136.
Szlyk JP, Little DM An FMRI study of word-level recognition and processing in patients with age-related macular degeneration. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009 Sep;50(9):4487-95. doi: 10.1167/iovs.08-2258. Epub 2009 Apr 22.
Translation of Eye Movement Reading Training to Clinical Practice
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
