Chiaretti S Is Less More? Intensive Versus Non-Intensive Approach to Adults with Ph+ ALL. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2020 Sep;20 Suppl 1:S54-S55. doi: 10.1016/S2152-2650(20)30461-4. No abstract available.
Kim K, Jabbour E, Short NJ, Kebriaei P, Kantarjian H, Ravandi F Current Approaches to Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive B-Cell Lineage Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: Role of Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor and Stem Cell Transplant. Curr Oncol Rep. 2021 Jun 14;23(8):95. doi: 10.1007/s11912-021-01086-y.
Muffly L, Kebriaei P Philadelphia chromosome positive acute lymphoblastic leukemia in adults: Therapeutic options and dilemmas in 2020. Semin Hematol. 2020 Jul;57(3):137-141. doi: 10.1053/j.seminhematol.2020.09.002. Epub 2020 Sep 11.
Paul S, Short NJ Central Nervous System Involvement in Adults with Acute Leukemia: Diagnosis, Prevention, and Management. Curr Oncol Rep. 2022 Apr;24(4):427-436. doi: 10.1007/s11912-022-01220-4. Epub 2022 Feb 10.
Short NJ, Kantarjian H, Jabbour E SOHO State of the Art Updates & Next Questions: Intensive and Non-Intensive Approaches for Adults With Philadelphia Chromosome-Positive Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk. 2022 Feb;22(2):61-66. doi: 10.1016/j.clml.2021.08.003. Epub 2021 Aug 20.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.