Choi J, Lee S, Hwangbo G Influences of spinal decompression therapy and general traction therapy on the pain, disability, and straight leg raising of patients with intervertebral disc herniation. J Phys Ther Sci. 2015 Feb;27(2):481-3. doi: 10.1589/jpts.27.481. Epub 2015 Feb 17.
Lee Y, Lee C-R, Cho M Effect of decompression therapy combined with joint mobilization on patients with lumbar herniated nucleus pulposus. Journal of Physical Therapy Science. 2012;24(9):829-32.
Rathod AK, Dhake RP Radiographic Incidence of Lumbar Spinal Instability in Patients with Non-spondylolisthetic Low Backache. Cureus. 2018 Apr 4;10(4):e2420. doi: 10.7759/cureus.2420.
Waqqar S, Shakil-Ur-Rehman S, Ahmad S McKenzie treatment versus mulligan sustained natural apophyseal glides for chronic mechanical low back pain. Pak J Med Sci. 2016 Mar-Apr;32(2):476-9. doi: 10.12669/pjms.322.9127.
Effect of Spinal Decompression With and Without ELDOA in Patients of Lumber Disc Protrusion
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
