Low Back Pain — New Technologies in the Management of Lumbopelvic Pain
Citation(s)
Cuesta Vargas AI, Rodríguez Moya A Frecuencia de uso de escalas de dolor, incapacidad fisica y calidad de vida en el estudio de lumbalgia con intervenciones fisioterápicas. Fisioterapia 2008; 30(4), 204-208.
Gómez-Pérez L, López-Martínez AE, Ruiz-Párraga GT Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK). J Pain. 2011 Apr;12(4):425-35. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2010.08.004.
Peterson S, Kuntz C, Roush J Use of a modified treatment-based classification system for subgrouping patients with low back pain: Agreement between telerehabilitation and face-to-face assessments. Physiother Theory Pract. 2019 Nov;35(11):1078-1086. doi: 10.1080/09593985.2018.1470210. Epub 2018 May 3.
Truter P, Russell T, Fary R The validity of physical therapy assessment of low back pain via telerehabilitation in a clinical setting. Telemed J E Health. 2014 Feb;20(2):161-7. doi: 10.1089/tmj.2013.0088. Epub 2013 Nov 27.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
