Low Back Pain — Relaxation Exercises for Low Back Pain and Insomnia in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy
Citation(s)
Akmese ZB, Oran NT Effects of Progressive Muscle Relaxation Exercises Accompanied by Music on Low Back Pain and Quality of Life During Pregnancy. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2014 Sep-Oct;59(5):503-9. doi: 10.1111/jmwh.12176. Epub 2014 Jun 25.
Bastien CH, Vallieres A, Morin CM Validation of the Insomnia Severity Index as an outcome measure for insomnia research. Sleep Med. 2001 Jul;2(4):297-307. doi: 10.1016/s1389-9457(00)00065-4.
Childs JD, Piva SR, Fritz JM Responsiveness of the numeric pain rating scale in patients with low back pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2005 Jun 1;30(11):1331-4. doi: 10.1097/01.brs.0000164099.92112.29.
Ozkan SA, Rathfisch G The effect of relaxation exercises on sleep quality in pregnant women in the third trimester: A randomized controlled trial. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2018 Aug;32:79-84. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2018.05.008. Epub 2018 May 26.
Roland M, Fairbank J The Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire and the Oswestry Disability Questionnaire. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2000 Dec 15;25(24):3115-24. doi: 10.1097/00007632-200012150-00006. No abstract available. Erratum In: Spine 2001 Apr 1;26(7):847.
Sadeghi B, Sirati-Nir M, Hajimini Z, Ebadi A, Ali-Asgari M Comparing the Effects of Progressive Muscle Relaxation and Physical Activity on Pregnant Women's General Health. Iran J Nurs Midwifery Res. 2018 Jul-Aug;23(4):298-304. doi: 10.4103/ijnmr.IJNMR_54_17.
Effects of Progressive Relaxation Exercises on Low Back Pain and Insomnia in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
