Low Back Pain — MOBile Instruction for Low Back Pain (MOBIL)
Citation(s)
Burton AK, Waddell G, Tillotson KM, Summerton N Information and advice to patients with back pain can have a positive effect. A randomized controlled trial of a novel educational booklet in primary care. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1999 Dec 1;24(23):2484-91.
Cherkin D, Deyo RA, Berg AO Evaluation of a physician education intervention to improve primary care for low-back pain. II. Impact on patients. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 1991 Oct;16(10):1173-8.
Darlow B, Fullen BM, Dean S, Hurley DA, Baxter GD, Dowell A The association between health care professional attitudes and beliefs and the attitudes and beliefs, clinical management, and outcomes of patients with low back pain: a systematic review. Eur J Pain. 2012 Jan;16(1):3-17. doi: 10.1016/j.ejpain.2011.06.006. Review.
Foster NE, Delitto A Embedding psychosocial perspectives within clinical management of low back pain: integration of psychosocially informed management principles into physical therapist practice--challenges and opportunities. Phys Ther. 2011 May;91(5):790-803. doi: 10.2522/ptj.20100326. Epub 2011 Mar 30. Review.
George SZ, Childs JD, Teyhen DS, Wu SS, Wright AC, Dugan JL, Robinson ME Brief psychosocial education, not core stabilization, reduced incidence of low back pain: results from the Prevention of Low Back Pain in the Military (POLM) cluster randomized trial. BMC Med. 2011 Nov 29;9:128. doi: 10.1186/1741-7015-9-128.
Godges JJ, Anger MA, Zimmerman G, Delitto A Effects of education on return-to-work status for people with fear-avoidance beliefs and acute low back pain. Phys Ther. 2008 Feb;88(2):231-9. Epub 2007 Dec 4.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
