Local Anesthetic Complication — Comparative Effect of Palatal Injection in Pediatric Patient
Citation(s)
Bataineh AB, Nusair YM, Al-Rahahleh RQ Comparative study of articaine and lidocaine without palatal injection for maxillary teeth extraction. Clin Oral Investig. 2019 Aug;23(8):3239-3248. doi: 10.1007/s00784-018-2738-x. Epub 2018 Nov 12.
Raslan N, Masri R A randomized clinical trial to compare pain levels during three types of oral anesthetic injections and the effect of Dentalvibe(R) on injection pain in children. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2018 Jan;28(1):102-110. doi: 10.1111/ipd.12313. Epub 2017 Jun 24.
Uckan S, Dayangac E, Araz K Is permanent maxillary tooth removal without palatal injection possible? Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006 Dec;102(6):733-5. doi: 10.1016/j.tripleo.2005.12.005. Epub 2006 Mar 20. Erratum In: Oral Surg Oral
Comparative Effect of Palatal Injection on Pain Perception in Pediatric Patient
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
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Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
