Labor Long — Biofeedback for Second Stage of Labor
Citation(s)
Diegmann EK, Andrews CM, Niemczura CA The length of the second stage of labor in uncomplicated, nulliparous African American and Puerto Rican women. J Midwifery Womens Health. 2000 Jan-Feb;45(1):67-71. doi: 10.1016/s1526-9523(99)00019-7.
Kalache KD, Duckelmann AM, Michaelis SA, Lange J, Cichon G, Dudenhausen JW Transperineal ultrasound imaging in prolonged second stage of labor with occipitoanterior presenting fetuses: how well does the 'angle of progression' predict the mode of delivery? Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol. 2009 Mar;33(3):326-30. doi: 10.1002/uog.6294.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
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Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
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Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.