Knee Osteoarthritis — Effect of Sarcopenia on Clinical Outcome of Total Knee Arthroplasty
Citation(s)
Ardeljan AD, Polisetty TS, Palmer J, Vakharia RM, Roche MW Comparative Analysis on the Effects of Sarcopenia following Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Retrospective Matched-Control Analysis. J Knee Surg. 2022 Jan;35(2):128-134. doi: 10.1055/s-0040-1713355. Epub 2020 Jul 6.
Babu JM, Kalagara S, Durand W, Antoci V, Deren ME, Cohen E Sarcopenia as a Risk Factor for Prosthetic Infection After Total Hip or Knee Arthroplasty. J Arthroplasty. 2019 Jan;34(1):116-122. doi: 10.1016/j.arth.2018.09.037. Epub 2018 Sep 20.
Liao CD, Chen HC, Huang SW, Liou TH Impact of sarcopenia on rehabilitation outcomes after total knee replacement in older adults with knee osteoarthritis. Ther Adv Musculoskelet Dis. 2021 Mar 12;13:1759720X21998508. doi: 10.1177/1759720X21998508. eCollection 2021.
Shin KY, Park KK, Moon SH, Yang IH, Choi HJ, Lee WS Vitamin D deficiency adversely affects early post-operative functional outcomes after total knee arthroplasty. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc. 2017 Nov;25(11):3424-3430. doi: 10.1007/s00167-016-4209-8. Epub 2016 Jun 17.
Wagner DR Case study: Effect of surgical metal implant on single frequency bioelectrical impedance measures of an athlete. Physiol Rep. 2020 Jun;8(11):e14464. doi: 10.14814/phy2.14464.
Effect of Sarcopenia on Clinical Outcome of Total Knee Arthroplasty
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
