Knee Osteoarthritis — Sustained Acoustic Medicine for Knee Osteoarthritis Pain
Citation(s)
Best TM, Petterson S, Plancher K Sustained acoustic medicine as a non-surgical and non-opioid knee osteoarthritis treatment option: a health economic cost-effectiveness analysis for symptom management. J Orthop Surg Res. 2020 Oct 19;15(1):481. doi: 10.1186/s13018-020-01987-x.
Draper DO, Klyve D, Ortiz R, Best TM Effect of low-intensity long-duration ultrasound on the symptomatic relief of knee osteoarthritis: a randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind study. J Orthop Surg Res. 2018 Oct 16;13(1):257. doi: 10.1186/s13018-018-0965-0.
Langer MD, Levine V, Taggart R, Lewis GK, Hernandez L, Ortiz R Pilot Clinical Studies of Long Duration, Low Intensity Therapeutic Ultrasound for Osteoarthritis. Proc IEEE Annu Northeast Bioeng Conf. 2014 Apr;2014:14789673. doi: 10.1109/NEBEC.2014.6972850.
Madzia A, Agrawal C, Jarit P, Petterson S, Plancher K, Ortiz R Sustained Acoustic Medicine Combined with A Diclofenac Ultrasound Coupling Patch for the Rapid Symptomatic Relief of Knee Osteoarthritis: Multi-Site Clinical Efficacy Study. Open Orthop J. 2020;14:176-185. doi: 10.2174/1874325002014010176. Epub 2020 Dec 18.
Sustained Acoustic Medicine for Knee Osteoarthritis Pain
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
