Ketosis — Oral Glucose Intervention for Children With Gastroenteritis and Ketosis
Citation(s)
Barennes H, Valea I, Nagot N, Van de Perre P, Pussard E Sublingual sugar administration as an alternative to intravenous dextrose administration to correct hypoglycemia among children in the tropics. Pediatrics. 2005 Nov;116(5):e648-53.
Freedman SB, Steiner MJ, Chan KJ Oral ondansetron administration in emergency departments to children with gastroenteritis: an economic analysis. PLoS Med. 2010 Oct 12;7(10). pii: e1000350. doi: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000350.
Harris DL, Weston PJ, Signal M, Chase JG, Harding JE Dextrose gel for neonatal hypoglycaemia (the Sugar Babies Study): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Lancet. 2013 Dec 21;382(9910):2077-83. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61645-1. Epub 2013 Sep 25.
Levy JA, Bachur RG, Monuteaux MC, Waltzman M Intravenous dextrose for children with gastroenteritis and dehydration: a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Ann Emerg Med. 2013 Mar;61(3):281-8. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2012.08.007. Epub 2012 Sep 6.
Levy JA, Waltzman M, Monuteaux MC, Bachur RG Value of point-of-care ketones in assessing dehydration and acidosis in children with gastroenteritis. Acad Emerg Med. 2013 Nov;20(11):1146-50. doi: 10.1111/acem.12256.
Reid SR, Losek JD Rehydration: role for early use of intravenous dextrose. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2009 Jan;25(1):49-52; quiz 53-4. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0b013e318191d97c. Review.
Whyte LA, Al-Araji RA, McLoughlin LM Guidelines for the management of acute gastroenteritis in children in Europe. Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed. 2015 Dec;100(6):308-12. doi: 10.1136/archdischild-2014-307253. Epub 2015 May 4. Review.
Oral Glucose Intervention for Children With Gastroenteritis and Ketosis
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
