Keratoconus — Effect of Intracorneal Ring Segments on Posterior Corneal Tomography in Eyes With Keratoconus
Citation(s)
Muftuoglu O, Aydin R, Kilic Muftuoglu I Persistence of the Cone on the Posterior Corneal Surface Affecting Corneal Aberration Changes After Intracorneal Ring Segment Implantation in Patients With Keratoconus. Cornea. 2018 Mar;37(3):347-353. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0000000000001492.
Rho CR, Na KS, Yoo YS, Pandey C, Park CW, Joo CK Changes in anterior and posterior corneal parameters in patients with keratoconus after intrastromal corneal-ring segment implantation. Curr Eye Res. 2013 Aug;38(8):843-50. doi: 10.3109/02713683.2013.788723. Epub 2013 Apr 22.
Sögütlü E, Piñero DP, Kubaloglu A, Alio JL, Cinar Y Elevation changes of central posterior corneal surface after intracorneal ring segment implantation in keratoconus. Cornea. 2012 Apr;31(4):387-95. doi: 10.1097/ICO.0b013e31822481df.
Effect of Intracorneal Ring Segments on Posterior Corneal Tomography in Eyes With Keratoconus
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
