Gonzalez, N R., & Iruela-Arispe, L. (2014). Abstract T P90: Characterization of Inflammatory Cells after EDAS Surgery in Patients with Intracranial Arterial Stenosis. Stroke, 45(Suppl 1), ATP90-ATP90.
Gonzalez, N R., Connolly, M. J., Ooi, Y. C., Dusick, J., Bounni, F., Liebeskind, D. S., … Iruela-Arispe, L. (2015). Abstract 135: Angiogenic Factors and Response to Intensive Medical Management in Atherosclerotic Intracranial Arterial Stenosis. Stroke, 46(Suppl 1), A135-A135.
Gonzalez, N R., Liou, R. J., Rao, N., Hinman, J. D., Restrepo, L., Ali, L., … Saver, J. (2016). Abstract TP119: Angiogenic Factor Profiling in Medical Treatment of Intracranial Atherosclerosis (ICAS). Stroke, 47(Suppl 1), ATP119-ATP119.
Gonzalez, N R., Liou, R., Ooi, Y., Hinman, J. D., Rao, N., Toscano, J., … Saver, J. (2016). Abstract WP138: Effects of Intensive Medical Management (IMM) and Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS) On VEGFA165a/b Ratios in Patients With Intracranial Atherosclerosis (ICASi. Stroke, 47(Suppl 1), AWP138-AWP138.
Gonzalez, N R., Ooi, Y., Laiwalla, A., Restrepo, L., Ali, L., Liou, R., … Saver, J. (2016). Abstract TMP15: Circulating Antiangiogenic Profile Predicts Lower Degrees of Neovascularization After Indirect Revascularization With Encephaloduroarteriosynangiosis (EDAS) in Patients With Intracranial Atherosclerosis (ICAS). Stroke, 47(Suppl 1), ATMP15-ATMP15.
Ooi YC, Laiwalla AN, Liou R, Gonzalez NR Angiographic Structural Differentiation between Native Arteriogenesis and Therapeutic Synangiosis in Intracranial Arterial Steno-Occlusive Disease. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol. 2016 Jun;37(6):1086-91. doi: 10.3174/ajnr.A4675. Epub 2016 Jan 21.
Genetic, Metabolic, and Growth Factor Repository for Cerebrovascular Disorders
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
