Ballard ED, Stanley IH, Horowitz LM, Pao M, Cannon EA, Bridge JA Asking Youth Questions About Suicide Risk in the Pediatric Emergency Department: Results From a Qualitative Analysis of Patient Opinions. Clin Pediatr Emerg Med. 2013 Mar;14(1):20-27. doi: 10.1016/j.cpem.2013.01.001.
Beck RW, Morris JB, Beck AT Cross-validation of the Suicidal Intent Scale. Psychol Rep. 1974 Apr;34(2):445-6. doi: 10.2466/pr0.1974.34.2.445. No abstract available.
Bernert RA, Kim JS, Iwata NG, Perlis ML Sleep disturbances as an evidence-based suicide risk factor. Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2015 Mar;17(3):554. doi: 10.1007/s11920-015-0554-4.
Bernert RA, Turvey CL, Conwell Y, Joiner TE Jr Association of poor subjective sleep quality with risk for death by suicide during a 10-year period: a longitudinal, population-based study of late life. JAMA Psychiatry. 2014 Oct;71(10):1129-37. doi: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.1126. Erratum In: JAMA Psychiatry. 2015 Jan;72(1):96.
Bird H, Shaffer D, Fisher P, et al The Columbia Impairment Scale (CIS): Pilot findings on a measure of global impairment for children and adolescents. International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research. 1993;3:167-176.
Cain N, Gradisar M, Moseley L A motivational school-based intervention for adolescent sleep problems. Sleep Med. 2011 Mar;12(3):246-51. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2010.06.008. Epub 2011 Feb 2.
Campo JV Suicide prevention: time for 'zero tolerance'. Curr Opin Pediatr. 2009 Oct;21(5):611-2. doi: 10.1097/MOP.0b013e3283306912. No abstract available.
Chervin RD, Hedger K, Dillon JE, Pituch KJ Pediatric sleep questionnaire (PSQ): validity and reliability of scales for sleep-disordered breathing, snoring, sleepiness, and behavioral problems. Sleep Med. 2000 Feb 1;1(1):21-32. doi: 10.1016/s1389-9457(99)00009-x.
Cushing CC, Jensen CD, Miller MB, Leffingwell TR Meta-analysis of motivational interviewing for adolescent health behavior: efficacy beyond substance use. J Consult Clin Psychol. 2014 Dec;82(6):1212-8. doi: 10.1037/a0036912. Epub 2014 May 19.
de Bruin EJ, Bogels SM, Oort FJ, Meijer AM Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia in Adolescents: A Randomized Controlled Trial with Internet Therapy, Group Therapy and A Waiting List Condition. Sleep. 2015 Dec 1;38(12):1913-26. doi: 10.5665/sleep.5240.
Goldston DB, Daniel SS, Reboussin DM, Reboussin BA, Frazier PH, Kelley AE Suicide attempts among formerly hospitalized adolescents: a prospective naturalistic study of risk during the first 5 years after discharge. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1999 Jun;38(6):660-71. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199906000-00012.
Harris EC, Barraclough B Suicide as an outcome for mental disorders. A meta-analysis. Br J Psychiatry. 1997 Mar;170:205-28. doi: 10.1192/bjp.170.3.205.
Horowitz LM, Bridge JA, Pao M, Boudreaux ED Screening youth for suicide risk in medical settings: time to ask questions. Am J Prev Med. 2014 Sep;47(3 Suppl 2):S170-5. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.06.002.
Huynh C, Guile JM, Breton JJ, Desrosiers L, Cohen D, Godbout R Is it possible to study sleep-wake patterns in adolescent borderline personality disorder? An actigraphic feasibility study. Int J Adolesc Med Health. 2010 Oct-Dec;22(4):547-60. doi: 10.1515/ijamh.2010.22.4.547.
Joiner TE Jr, Brown JS, Wingate LR The psychology and neurobiology of suicidal behavior. Annu Rev Psychol. 2005;56:287-314. doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070320.
Kovacs M, Goldston D, Gatsonis C Suicidal behaviors and childhood-onset depressive disorders: a longitudinal investigation. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 1993 Jan;32(1):8-20. doi: 10.1097/00004583-199301000-00003.
Kraemer HC, Frank E, Kupfer DJ Moderators of treatment outcomes: clinical, research, and policy importance. JAMA. 2006 Sep 13;296(10):1286-9. doi: 10.1001/jama.296.10.1286. No abstract available.
Kraemer HC, Wilson GT, Fairburn CG, Agras WS Mediators and moderators of treatment effects in randomized clinical trials. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2002 Oct;59(10):877-83. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.59.10.877.
Larsen DL, Attkisson CC, Hargreaves WA, Nguyen TD Assessment of client/patient satisfaction: development of a general scale. Eval Program Plann. 1979;2(3):197-207. doi: 10.1016/0149-7189(79)90094-6. No abstract available.
Lavori P, Dawson R Designing for intent-to-treat. Drug Information Journal. 2001;35:1079-1086.
Lavori PW Clinical trials in psychiatry: should protocol deviation censor patient data? Neuropsychopharmacology. 1992 Jan;6(1):39-48; discussion 49-63.
Lundahl B, Burke BL The effectiveness and applicability of motivational interviewing: a practice-friendly review of four meta-analyses. J Clin Psychol. 2009 Nov;65(11):1232-45. doi: 10.1002/jclp.20638.
Malik S, Kanwar A, Sim LA, Prokop LJ, Wang Z, Benkhadra K, Murad MH The association between sleep disturbances and suicidal behaviors in patients with psychiatric diagnoses: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Syst Rev. 2014 Feb 25;3:18. doi: 10.1186/2046-4053-3-18.
Mohr DC, Vella L, Hart S, Heckman T, Simon G The Effect of Telephone-Administered Psychotherapy on Symptoms of Depression and Attrition: A Meta-Analysis. Clin Psychol (New York). 2008;15(3):243-253. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-2850.2008.00134.x.
Morin CM, Culbert JP, Schwartz SM Nonpharmacological interventions for insomnia: a meta-analysis of treatment efficacy. Am J Psychiatry. 1994 Aug;151(8):1172-80. doi: 10.1176/ajp.151.8.1172.
Muller I, Yardley L Telephone-delivered cognitive behavioural therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis. J Telemed Telecare. 2011;17(4):177-84. doi: 10.1258/jtt.2010.100709. Epub 2011 Feb 28.
Nock MK, Green JG, Hwang I, McLaughlin KA, Sampson NA, Zaslavsky AM, Kessler RC Prevalence, correlates, and treatment of lifetime suicidal behavior among adolescents: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication Adolescent Supplement. JAMA Psychiatry. 2013 Mar;70(3):300-10. doi: 10.1001/2013.jamapsychiatry.55.
Owens JA, Dalzell V Use of the 'BEARS' sleep screening tool in a pediatric residents' continuity clinic: a pilot study. Sleep Med. 2005 Jan;6(1):63-9. doi: 10.1016/j.sleep.2004.07.015. Epub 2005 Jan 12.
Owens JA, Mindell JA Pediatric insomnia. Pediatr Clin North Am. 2011 Jun;58(3):555-69. doi: 10.1016/j.pcl.2011.03.011.
Pigeon WR, Pinquart M, Conner K Meta-analysis of sleep disturbance and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. J Clin Psychiatry. 2012 Sep;73(9):e1160-7. doi: 10.4088/JCP.11r07586.
Reinherz HZ, Tanner JL, Berger SR, Beardslee WR, Fitzmaurice GM Adolescent suicidal ideation as predictive of psychopathology, suicidal behavior, and compromised functioning at age 30. Am J Psychiatry. 2006 Jul;163(7):1226-32. doi: 10.1176/ajp.2006.163.7.1226.
Reynolds W, Mazza J Assessment of suicidal ideation in inner-city children and young adolescents: reliability and validity of the Suicidal Ideation Questionnaire-JR. School Psychology Review. 1999;28:17-30.
Richard-Jodoin RM How analytic is psychoanalytic psychotherapy? J Am Acad Psychoanal. 1991 Fall;19(3):339-51. doi: 10.1521/jaap.1.1991.19.3.339.
Scribano PV, Stevens J, Marshall J, Gleason E, Kelleher KJ Feasibility of computerized screening for intimate partner violence in a pediatric emergency department. Pediatr Emerg Care. 2011 Aug;27(8):710-6. doi: 10.1097/PEC.0b013e318226c871.
Shochat T, Cohen-Zion M, Tzischinsky O Functional consequences of inadequate sleep in adolescents: a systematic review. Sleep Med Rev. 2014 Feb;18(1):75-87. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2013.03.005. Epub 2013 Jun 24.
Smith MT, Huang MI, Manber R Cognitive behavior therapy for chronic insomnia occurring within the context of medical and psychiatric disorders. Clin Psychol Rev. 2005 Jul;25(5):559-92. doi: 10.1016/j.cpr.2005.04.004.
Stevens J, Hayes J, Pakalnis A A randomized trial of telephone-based motivational interviewing for adolescent chronic headache with medication overuse. Cephalalgia. 2014 May;34(6):446-54. doi: 10.1177/0333102413515336. Epub 2013 Dec 9.
Stevens J, Kelleher KJ, Ward-Estes J, Hayes J Perceived barriers to treatment and psychotherapy attendance in child community mental health centers. Community Ment Health J. 2006 Oct;42(5):449-58. doi: 10.1007/s10597-006-9048-5.
Swindle TM, Ward WL, Whiteside-Mansell L, Bokony P, Pettit D Technology use and interest among low-income parents of young children: differences by age group and ethnicity. J Nutr Educ Behav. 2014 Nov-Dec;46(6):484-90. doi: 10.1016/j.jneb.2014.06.004. Epub 2014 Jul 23.
Tarter RE, Kirisci L, Mezzich AC The drug use screening inventory: School adjustment correlates of substance abuse. Measurement and Evaluation in Counseling and Development. 1996;29:25-34.
Vitiello MV, McCurry SM, Rybarczyk BD The future of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia: what important research remains to be done? J Clin Psychol. 2013 Oct;69(10):1013-21. doi: 10.1002/jclp.21948. Epub 2013 Jan 24.
Wren FJ, Bridge JA, Birmaher B Screening for childhood anxiety symptoms in primary care: integrating child and parent reports. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2004 Nov;43(11):1364-71. doi: 10.1097/01.chi.0000138350.60487.d3.
Zisapel N Drugs for insomnia. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs. 2012 Sep;17(3):299-317. doi: 10.1517/14728214.2012.690735. Epub 2012 Jun 11.
Targeting Adolescent Insomnia to Lessen Overall Risk of Suicidal Behavior
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.