Inflammatory Bowel Disease — Investigating Serotonin Signalling in IBD Patients
Citation(s)
Belai A, Boulos PB, Robson T, Burnstock G Neurochemical coding in the small intestine of patients with Crohn's disease. Gut. 1997 Jun;40(6):767-74. doi: 10.1136/gut.40.6.767.
Bertrand PP, Bertrand RL Serotonin release and uptake in the gastrointestinal tract. Auton Neurosci. 2010 Feb 16;153(1-2):47-57. doi: 10.1016/j.autneu.2009.08.002. Epub 2009 Sep 2.
Buchan AM Nutrient Tasting and Signaling Mechanisms in the Gut III. Endocrine cell recognition of luminal nutrients. Am J Physiol. 1999 Dec;277(6):G1103-7. doi: 10.1152/ajpgi.1999.277.6.G1103.
Costedio MM, Hyman N, Mawe GM Serotonin and its role in colonic function and in gastrointestinal disorders. Dis Colon Rectum. 2007 Mar;50(3):376-88. doi: 10.1007/s10350-006-0763-3.
Gershon MD, Tack J The serotonin signaling system: from basic understanding to drug development for functional GI disorders. Gastroenterology. 2007 Jan;132(1):397-414. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.11.002.
Gershon MD Serotonin and its implication for the management of irritable bowel syndrome. Rev Gastroenterol Disord. 2003;3 Suppl 2:S25-34.
Gordon JI, Schmidt GH, Roth KA Studies of intestinal stem cells using normal, chimeric, and transgenic mice. FASEB J. 1992 Sep;6(12):3039-50. doi: 10.1096/fasebj.6.12.1521737.
Khan WI, Ghia JE Gut hormones: emerging role in immune activation and inflammation. Clin Exp Immunol. 2010 Jul 1;161(1):19-27. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2249.2010.04150.x. Epub 2010 Apr 9.
Kidd M, Gustafsson BI, Drozdov I, Modlin IM IL1beta- and LPS-induced serotonin secretion is increased in EC cells derived from Crohn's disease. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2009 Apr;21(4):439-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2008.01210.x. Epub 2008 Oct 25.
Kim DY, Camilleri M Serotonin: a mediator of the brain-gut connection. Am J Gastroenterol. 2000 Oct;95(10):2698-709. doi: 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2000.03177.x. No abstract available.
Leon-Ponte M, Ahern GP, O'Connell PJ Serotonin provides an accessory signal to enhance T-cell activation by signaling through the 5-HT7 receptor. Blood. 2007 Apr 15;109(8):3139-46. doi: 10.1182/blood-2006-10-052787. Epub 2006 Dec 7.
Meredith EJ, Chamba A, Holder MJ, Barnes NM, Gordon J Close encounters of the monoamine kind: immune cells betray their nervous disposition. Immunology. 2005 Jul;115(3):289-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2005.02166.x.
Minderhoud IM, Oldenburg B, Schipper ME, ter Linde JJ, Samsom M Serotonin synthesis and uptake in symptomatic patients with Crohn's disease in remission. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2007 Jun;5(6):714-20. doi: 10.1016/j.cgh.2007.02.013. Epub 2007 May 4.
Nagata K, Fujimiya M, Sugiura H, Uehara M Intracellular localization of serotonin in mast cells of the colon in normal and colitis rats. Histochem J. 2001 Sep-Oct;33(9-10):559-68. doi: 10.1023/a:1014960026247.
Oshima S, Fujimura M, Fukimiya M Changes in number of serotonin-containing cells and serotonin levels in the intestinal mucosa of rats with colitis induced by dextran sodium sulfate. Histochem Cell Biol. 1999 Oct;112(4):257-63. doi: 10.1007/s004180050445.
Rindi G, Kloppel G Endocrine tumors of the gut and pancreas tumor biology and classification. Neuroendocrinology. 2004;80 Suppl 1:12-5. doi: 10.1159/000080733.
Sharkey KA, Mawe GM Neuroimmune and epithelial interactions in intestinal inflammation. Curr Opin Pharmacol. 2002 Dec;2(6):669-77. doi: 10.1016/s1471-4892(02)00215-1.
Spiller R Serotonin and GI clinical disorders. Neuropharmacology. 2008 Nov;55(6):1072-80. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2008.07.016. Epub 2008 Jul 19.
Spiller R Serotonin, inflammation, and IBS: fitting the jigsaw together? J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2007 Dec;45 Suppl 2:S115-9. doi: 10.1097/MPG.0b013e31812e66da.
Wheatcroft J, Wakelin D, Smith A, Mahoney CR, Mawe G, Spiller R Enterochromaffin cell hyperplasia and decreased serotonin transporter in a mouse model of postinfectious bowel dysfunction. Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2005 Dec;17(6):863-70. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2982.2005.00719.x.
Wong JM, Wei SC Efficacy of Pentasa tablets for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease. J Formos Med Assoc. 2003 Sep;102(9):613-9.
Yang GB, Lackner AA Proximity between 5-HT secreting enteroendocrine cells and lymphocytes in the gut mucosa of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) is suggestive of a role for enterochromaffin cell 5-HT in mucosal immunity. J Neuroimmunol. 2004 Jan;146(1-2):46-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2003.10.044.
Young MR, Matthews JP Serotonin regulation of T-cell subpopulations and of macrophage accessory function. Immunology. 1995 Jan;84(1):148-52.
Investigating Serotonin Signalling in IBD Patients
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.