Infertility — Synchronization of Ovarian Stimulation for in Vitro Fertilization With Follicular Wave Emergence
Citation(s)
Adams GP, Singh J, Baerwald AR Large animal models for the study of ovarian follicular dynamics in women. Theriogenology. 2012 Nov;78(8):1733-48. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.04.010. Epub 2012 May 22.
Baerwald AR, Adams GP, Pierson RA A new model for ovarian follicular development during the human menstrual cycle. Fertil Steril. 2003 Jul;80(1):116-22.
Baerwald AR, Adams GP, Pierson RA Characterization of ovarian follicular wave dynamics in women. Biol Reprod. 2003 Sep;69(3):1023-31. Epub 2003 May 14.
Baerwald AR, Adams GP, Pierson RA Ovarian antral folliculogenesis during the human menstrual cycle: a review. Hum Reprod Update. 2012 Jan-Feb;18(1):73-91. doi: 10.1093/humupd/dmr039. Epub 2011 Nov 8. Review.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
