Betran A, Cortes AM, Lopez C [Evaluation of antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli in urinary tract infections in Primary Care Barbastro Sector (Huesca)]. Rev Esp Quimioter. 2015 Oct;28(5):263-6. Spanish.
Cercenado E [Epidemiology of the infection by resistant Gram-positive microorganisms]. Rev Esp Quimioter. 2016 Sep;29 Suppl 1:6-9. Spanish.
Cercenado E [Laboratory detection of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae]. Rev Esp Quimioter. 2015 Sep;28 Suppl 1:8-11. Spanish.
De La Rosa G, Leon AL, Jaimes F [Epidemiology and prognosis of patients with bloodstream infection in 10 hospitals in Colombia]. Rev Chilena Infectol. 2016 Apr;33(2):141-9. doi: 10.4067/S0716-10182016000200003. Spanish.
Gutiérrez Lesmes OA [Resistance and susceptibility of microorganisms isolatedin patients treated in a tertiary institution hospital, Villavicencio-Colombia, 2012]. Rev Cuid. 2015 May 15;6(1):947-54.
Ocampo AM, Vargas CA, Sierra PM, Cienfuegos AV, Jimenez JN [Molecular characterization of an outbreak of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in a tertiary care hospital in Medellin, Colombia]. Biomedica. 2015 Oct-Dec;35(4):496-504. doi: 10.7705/bi
Pérez N, Pavas N, Rodríguez EI Resistencia a los antibióticos en Escherichia coli con beta-lactamasas de espectro extendido en un hospital de la Orinoquia colombiana. Infectio. 2011;15(3):147-54.
Zhou Y, Zhou S, Peng J, Min L, Chen Q, Ke J Bacterial distribution and drug resistance in blood samples of children in Jiangxi Region, 2017-2021. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2023 Jun 22;13:1163312. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1163312. eCollection 2023.
Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles in Healthcare Facilities From Meta State, Colombia: A Retrospective Observational Study From 2018-2022
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.