NCT01628562 - Clinical Trial References

Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.

Citation(s)

Heinke W, Zysset S, Hund-Georgiadis M, Olthoff D, von Cramon DY
The effect of esmolol on cerebral blood flow, cerebral vasoreactivity, and cognitive performance: a functional magnetic resonance imaging study. Anesthesiology. 2005 Jan;102(1):41-50.
Landoni G, Turi S, Biondi-Zoccai G, Bignami E, Testa V, Belloni I, Cornero G, Zangrillo A
Esmolol reduces perioperative ischemia in noncardiac surgery: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled studies. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2010 Apr;24(2):219-29. doi: 10.1053/j.jvca.2009.07.008. Epub 2009 Oct 2.

A Comparison of the Perioperative Hemodynamic Effects of Remifentanil and Esmolol: a Double Blind Randomized Controlled Study

Clinical trial NCT01628562 - References