Hypertension — Maturational Changes in Cardiac Structures -- Blood Pressure Relationship -- SCOR in Hypertension
Citation(s)
Janz KF, Burns TL, Mahoney LT Predictors of left ventricular mass and resting blood pressure in children: the Muscatine Study. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1995 Jun;27(6):818-25.
Janz KF, Mahoney LT Three-year follow-up of changes in aerobic fitness during puberty: the Muscatine Study. Res Q Exerc Sport. 1997 Mar;68(1):1-9.
Janz KF, Witt J, Mahoney LT The stability of children's physical activity as measured by accelerometry and self-report. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1995 Sep;27(9):1326-32.
Lauer RM, Clarke WR, Mahoney LT, Witt J Childhood predictors for high adult blood pressure. The Muscatine Study. Pediatr Clin North Am. 1993 Feb;40(1):23-40.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
