Hyperactive Delirium — A Pilot Study of "Stanford Proxy Test for Delirium" (S-PTD)
Citation(s)
Maldonado JR Delirium in the acute care setting: characteristics, diagnosis and treatment. Crit Care Clin. 2008 Oct;24(4):657-722, vii. doi: 10.1016/j.ccc.2008.05.008. Review.
Nørbæk J, Glipstrup E Delirium is seen in one-third of patients in an acute hospital setting. Identification, pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic treatment is inadequate. Dan Med J. 2016 Nov;63(11). pii: A5293.
Siddiqi N, House AO, Holmes JD Occurrence and outcome of delirium in medical in-patients: a systematic literature review. Age Ageing. 2006 Jul;35(4):350-64. Epub 2006 Apr 28. Review.
A Pilot Study of the Psychometric Properties of the "Stanford Proxy Test for Delirium" (S-PTD): a New Screening Tool for the Detection of Delirium
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
