Human Papillomavirus Infection — Video-Assisted Counseling for HPV Vaccination
Citation(s)
Brown B, Gabra MI, Pellman H Reasons for acceptance or refusal of Human Papillomavirus Vaccine in a California pediatric practice. Papillomavirus Res. 2017 Jun;3:42-45. doi: 10.1016/j.pvr.2017.01.002. Epub 2017 Jan 17.
Bruno DM, Wilson TE, Gany F, Aragones A Identifying human papillomavirus vaccination practices among primary care providers of minority, low-income and immigrant patient populations. Vaccine. 2014 Jul 16;32(33):4149-54. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.05.058. Epub 2014 Jun 2.
Dawson R, Lemmon K, Trivedi NJ, Hansen S Improving human papilloma virus vaccination rates throughout military treatment facilities. Vaccine. 2018 Mar 7;36(11):1361-1367. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.02.007. Epub 2018 Feb 9.
Donahue KL, Stupiansky NW, Alexander AB, Zimet GD Acceptability of the human papillomavirus vaccine and reasons for non-vaccination among parents of adolescent sons. Vaccine. 2014 Jun 30;32(31):3883-5. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.05.035. Epub 2014 May 18.
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Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
