Hormone Disturbance — Data Mining: Precision Analytical Retrospective Data Correlation
Citation(s)
Abraham SB, Rubino D, Sinaii N, Ramsey S, Nieman LK Cortisol, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome: a cross-sectional study of obese subjects and review of the literature. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2013 Jan;21(1):E105-17. doi: 10.1002/oby.20083.
Newman M, Pratt SM, Curran DA, Stanczyk FZ Evaluating urinary estrogen and progesterone metabolites using dried filter paper samples and gas chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). BMC Chem. 2019 Feb 4;13(1):20. doi: 10.1186/s13065-019-0539-1. eCollection 2019 Dec.
SZENAS P, PATTEE CJ Studies on adrenocortical function in obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 1959 Mar;19(3):344-50. doi: 10.1210/jcem-19-3-344. No abstract available.
Tomlinson JW, Finney J, Hughes BA, Hughes SV, Stewart PM Reduced glucocorticoid production rate, decreased 5alpha-reductase activity, and adipose tissue insulin sensitization after weight loss. Diabetes. 2008 Jun;57(6):1536-43. doi: 10.2337/db08-0094. Epub 2008 Mar 13.
Precision Analytical Retrospective Data Correlation
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
