HIV — Agricultural Intervention for Food Security and HIV Health Outcomes in Kenya
Citation(s)
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Musumari PM, Feldman MD, Techasrivichien T, Wouters E, Ono-Kihara M, Kihara M "If I have nothing to eat, I get angry and push the pills bottle away from me": A qualitative study of patient determinants of adherence to antiretroviral therapy in the Democratic Republic of Congo. AIDS Care. 2013;25(10):1271-7. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2013.764391. Epub 2013 Feb 6.
Nagata JM, Magerenge RO, Young SL, Oguta JO, Weiser SD, Cohen CR Social determinants, lived experiences, and consequences of household food insecurity among persons living with HIV/AIDS on the shore of Lake Victoria, Kenya. AIDS Care. 2012;24(6):728-36. doi: 10.1080/09540121.2011.630358. Epub 2011 Dec 7.
Place F, Adato M, Hebinck P Understanding rural poverty and investment in agriculture: an assessment of integrated quantitative and qualitative research in western Kenya. World Dev. 2007;35(2):312-325.
Weiser S, Fernandes K, Anema A, et al Food insecurity as a barrier to antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence among HIV-infected individuals in British Columbia. 5th IAS Conference on HIV Pathogenesis, Treatment and Prevention. Cape Town, South Africa2009.
Weiser S, Palar K, Hatcher A, S Y, Frongillo EA, Laraia BA. Food insecurity and health: A Conceptual Framework. In: Ivers L, ed. Food Insecurity and Public Health. Boston, MA: CRC Press; 2014.
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Agricultural Intervention for Food Security and HIV Health Outcomes in Kenya
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
