HIV — Repeat Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) Patients: Tailored Socio-Contextual Intervention to Reduce HIV Risk
Citation(s)
Carey MP, Carey KB, Maisto SA, Gordon CM, Weinhardt LS Assessing sexual risk behaviour with the Timeline Followback (TLFB) approach: continued development and psychometric evaluation with psychiatric outpatients. Int J STD AIDS. 2001 Jun;12(6):365-75.
Cutrona CE Ratings of social support by adolescents and adult informants: degree of correspondence and prediction of depressive symptoms. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1989 Oct;57(4):723-30.
Gorsky RD A method to measure the costs of counseling for HIV prevention. Public Health Rep. 1996;111 Suppl 1:115-22.
Gunn RA, Fitzgerald S, Aral SO Sexually transmitted disease clinic clients at risk for subsequent gonorrhea and chlamydia infections: possible 'core' transmitters. Sex Transm Dis. 2000 Jul;27(6):343-9.
Hall JM, Stevens PE Rigor in feminist research. ANS Adv Nurs Sci. 1991 Mar;13(3):16-29.
Holtgrave DR, Pinkerton SD Updates of cost of illness and quality of life estimates for use in economic evaluations of HIV prevention programs. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol. 1997 Sep 1;16(1):54-62.
Macias C, Farley OW, Jackson R, Kinney R Case management in the context of capitation financing: an evaluation of the strengths model. Adm Policy Ment Health. 1997 Jul;24(6):535-43.
Weinhardt LS, Mosack KE, Swain GR Development of a computer-based risk-reduction counseling intervention: acceptability and preferences among low-income patients at an urban sexually transmitted infection clinic. AIDS Behav. 2007 Jul;11(4):549-56. Epub 2006 Sep 22.
Repeat STI Patients: Tailored Socio-Contextual Intervention to Reduce HIV Risk
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
