HIV Serosorting — Development of an HIV Self-testing Intervention
Citation(s)
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Prevalence and awareness of HIV infection among men who have sex with men --- 21 cities, United States, 2008. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2010 Sep 24;59(37):1201-7.
Chow EP, Iu KI, Fu X, Wilson DP, Zhang L HIV and sexually transmissible infections among money boys in China: a data synthesis and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2012;7(11):e48025. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0048025. Epub 2012 Nov 29. Review.
Eaton LA, Kalichman SC, O'Connell DA, Karchner WD A strategy for selecting sexual partners believed to pose little/no risks for HIV: serosorting and its implications for HIV transmission. AIDS Care. 2009 Oct;21(10):1279-88. doi: 10.1080/09540120902803208. Review.
Mitchell JW, Horvath KJ Factors associated with regular HIV testing among a sample of US MSM with HIV-negative main partners. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2013 Dec 1;64(4):417-23. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182a6c8d9.
Snowden JM, Wei C, McFarland W, Raymond HF Prevalence, correlates and trends in seroadaptive behaviours among men who have sex with men from serial cross-sectional surveillance in San Francisco, 2004-2011. Sex Transm Infect. 2014 Sep;90(6):498-504. doi: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051368. Epub 2014 Mar 31.
Yan H, Yang H, Zhao J, Wei C, Li J, Huan X, Zhang M, Raymond HF, McFarland W Long-chain peer referral of men who have sex with men: a novel approach to establish and maintain a cohort to measure HIV incidence, Nanjing, China. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr. 2012 Feb 1;59(2):177-84. doi: 10.1097/QAI.0b013e318239c947.
Development of an HIV Self-testing Intervention to Reduce HIV Risks Among MSM: Taking the Guess Out of Seroguessing
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
