HIV Infections — Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV Infected Individuals in Assiut Governorate, Egypt
Citation(s)
Abdulrahman SA, Ganasegeran K, Rampal L, Martins OF [Conceptual Framework for Investigating and Influencing Adherence Behavior among HIV-Positive Populations: An Applied Social Cognition Model]. AIDS Rev. 2019 Aug 6;21(3):23-27. doi: 10.24875/AIDSRev.190
Chesney MA Factors affecting adherence to antiretroviral therapy. Clin Infect Dis. 2000 Jun;30 Suppl 2:S171-6. doi: 10.1086/313849.
DiMatteo MR Variations in patients' adherence to medical recommendations: a quantitative review of 50 years of research. Med Care. 2004 Mar;42(3):200-9. doi: 10.1097/01.mlr.0000114908.90348.f9.
Morisky DE, Green LW, Levine DM Concurrent and predictive validity of a self-reported measure of medication adherence. Med Care. 1986 Jan;24(1):67-74. doi: 10.1097/00005650-198601000-00007.
Osterberg L, Blaschke T Adherence to medication. N Engl J Med. 2005 Aug 4;353(5):487-97. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra050100. No abstract available.
Schaecher KL The importance of treatment adherence in HIV. Am J Manag Care. 2013 Sep;19(12 Suppl):s231-7.
Adherence to Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV Infected Individuals in Assiut Governorate, Egypt
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
