Demarest J, Underwood M, St Clair M, Dorey D, Brown D, Zolopa A Short Communication: Dolutegravir-Based Regimens Are Active in Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor-Naive Patients with Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor Resistance. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 2018 Apr;34(4):343-346. doi: 10.1089/AID.2017.0184. Epub 2018 Mar 22.
Dutertre M et al Initiation of ART Based on Integrase Inhibitors Increases the Risk of IRIS. Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. February 2017. Seattle, WA, USA. Abstract 732.
Gallant et al A phase 3 randomized controlled clinical trial of bictegravir in a fixed dose combination, B/F/TAF, vs ABC/DTG/3TC in treatment-naïve adults at week 48. 9th IAS Conference on HIV Science; Paris, France; July 23-26, 2017. MOAB0105LB
Hill AM, Mitchell N, Hughes S, Pozniak AL Risks of cardiovascular or central nervous system adverse events and immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, for dolutegravir versus other antiretrovirals: meta-analysis of randomized trials. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. 2018 Mar;13(2):102-111. doi: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000445.
Levy et al ANRS 146 - GeSIDA 7211 OPTIMAL phase III trial: maraviroc plus cART in advanced HIV-1-infected individuals. Journal Of The International Aids Society (Vol. 20, Pp. 6-7)
Sax et al Phase 3 Randomized, Controlled, Clinical Trial of Bictegravir Coformulated With FTC/TAF in a Fixed-Dose Combination vs Dolutegravir + FTC/TAF in Treatment-Naïve HIV-1-Positive Adults: Week 48 Results. 9th IAS Conference on HIV Science; Paris, France; July 23-26, 2017
Wijting I et al Integrase Inhibitors are an Independent Risk Factor for IRIS: An ATHENA Cohort Study. Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. February 2017. Seattle, WA, USA. Abstract 731.
An Open-Label, Multi-Centre, Randomised Study to Investigate Integrase Inhibitor Versus Boosted Protease Inhibitor Antiretroviral Therapy for Patients With Advanced HIV Disease
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
