Hirschsprung Disease — Laparoscopic Assisted Pull-through Versus Other Surgical Procedures for Treatment of Hirschsprung Disease
Citation(s)
Taguchi T, Obata S, Ieiri S Current status of Hirschsprung's disease: based on a nationwide survey of Japan. Pediatr Surg Int. 2017 Apr;33(4):497-504. doi: 10.1007/s00383-016-4054-3. Epub 2017 Jan 5.
Tomuschat C, Zimmer J, Puri P Laparoscopic-assisted pull-through operation for Hirschsprung's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Pediatr Surg Int. 2016 Aug;32(8):751-7. doi: 10.1007/s00383-016-3910-5. Epub 2016 Jul 1. Review.
Laparoscopic Assisted Pull-through Versus Other Surgical Procedures for Treatment of Hirschsprung Disease.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
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Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
