Boban A, Zupancic Salek S, Kastelan D, Nemet D Quantitative ultrasound and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry in the assessment of osteoporosis in patients with haemophilia. Haemophilia. 2014 Nov;20(6):e420-2. doi: 10.1111/hae.12529. No abstract available.
Ceponis A, Wong-Sefidan I, Glass CS, von Drygalski A Rapid musculoskeletal ultrasound for painful episodes in adult haemophilia patients. Haemophilia. 2013 Sep;19(5):790-8. doi: 10.1111/hae.12175. Epub 2013 May 15.
Kidder W, Nguyen S, Larios J, Bergstrom J, Ceponis A, von Drygalski A Point-of-care musculoskeletal ultrasound is critical for the diagnosis of hemarthroses, inflammation and soft tissue abnormalities in adult patients with painful haemophilic arthropathy. Haemophilia. 2015 Jul;21(4):530-7. doi: 10.1111/hae.12637. Epub 2015 Jan 27.
Lau AG, Sun J, Hannah WB, Livingston EW, Heymann D, Bateman TA, Monahan PE Joint bleeding in factor VIII deficient mice causes an acute loss of trabecular bone and calcification of joint soft tissues which is prevented with aggressive factor replacement. Haemophilia. 2014 Sep;20(5):716-22. doi: 10.1111/hae.12399. Epub 2014 Apr 8.
Liel MS, Greenberg DL, Recht M, Vanek C, Klein RF, Taylor JA Decreased bone density and bone strength in a mouse model of severe factor VIII deficiency. Br J Haematol. 2012 Jul;158(1):140-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2012.09101.x. Epub 2012 Apr 2. No abstract available.
McAlindon TE, Bannuru RR Osteoarthritis: Is viscosupplementation really so unsafe for knee OA? Nat Rev Rheumatol. 2012 Nov;8(11):635-6. doi: 10.1038/nrrheum.2012.152. Epub 2012 Sep 11. No abstract available.
Oldenburg J Optimal treatment strategies for hemophilia: achievements and limitations of current prophylactic regimens. Blood. 2015 Mar 26;125(13):2038-44. doi: 10.1182/blood-2015-01-528414. Epub 2015 Feb 23.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
