Hemodialysis Complication — Alpha Lipoic Acid in Pediatrics on Hemodialysis
Citation(s)
Al-Nami MS, Al-Kuraishy HM, Al-Gareeb AI Impact of thioctic acid on glycemic indices and associated inflammatory-induced endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A case control study. Int J Crit Illn Inj Sci. 2020 Sep;10(Suppl 1):21-27. doi: 10.4103/IJCIIS.IJCIIS_62_19. Epub 2020 Sep 16.
Haghighatdoost F, Hariri M The effect of alpha-lipoic acid on inflammatory mediators: a systematic review and meta-analysis on randomized clinical trials. Eur J Pharmacol. 2019 Apr 15;849:115-123. doi: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.01.065. Epub 2019 Feb 2.
Huang EA, Gitelman SE The effect of oral alpha-lipoic acid on oxidative stress in adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Pediatr Diabetes. 2008 Jun;9(3 Pt 2):69-73. doi: 10.1111/j.1399-5448.2007.00342.x. Epub 2008 Jan 22.
Li LC, Tain YL, Kuo HC, Hsu CN Cardiovascular diseases morbidity and mortality among children, adolescents and young adults with dialysis therapy. Front Public Health. 2023 Apr 12;11:1142414. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1142414. eCollection 2023.
Interventional studies are often prospective and are specifically tailored to evaluate direct impacts of treatment or preventive measures on disease.
Observational studies are often retrospective and are used to assess potential causation in exposure-outcome relationships and therefore influence preventive methods.
Expanded access is a means by which manufacturers make investigational new drugs available, under certain circumstances, to treat a patient(s) with a serious disease or condition who cannot participate in a controlled clinical trial.
Clinical trials are conducted in a series of steps, called phases - each phase is designed to answer a separate research question.
Phase 1: Researchers test a new drug or treatment in a small group of people for the first time to evaluate its safety, determine a safe dosage range, and identify side effects.
Phase 2: The drug or treatment is given to a larger group of people to see if it is effective and to further evaluate its safety.
Phase 3: The drug or treatment is given to large groups of people to confirm its effectiveness, monitor side effects, compare it to commonly used treatments, and collect information that will allow the drug or treatment to be used safely.
Phase 4: Studies are done after the drug or treatment has been marketed to gather information on the drug's effect in various populations and any side effects associated with long-term use.
